What is the weight of an object required to overcome gravitational pull known as?

The weight of an object required to overcome gravitational pull is referred to as escape velocity. This is the minimum speed an object must reach to break free from the gravitational attraction of a planet or moon, without any additional propulsion. Escape velocity is a critical concept in physics, particularly in the study of orbital mechanics.

To clarify the concepts further: mass is the amount of matter in an object and does not change regardless of location. Weight, on the other hand, is the force exerted by gravity on that mass, and it depends on the gravitational field strength; weight varies based on where an object is in space. Force is a broader term that refers to any influence that can change the motion of an object. Therefore, while mass, weight, and force are interconnected in the realm of physics, escape velocity specifically addresses the concept of overcoming gravitational pull to achieve space travel.